Child Begging in Bangladesh — Investigative Report

Project 13

Course Name: Investigative Journalism I Course Code: MSJ4151 Project Type: In Depth Report Project Name: Child Begging in Bangladesh Project Date: Spring 2024

Project Description:

This project was developed as a group project for Investigative Journalism I MSJ4151 in Spring 2024. The project allowed flexibility to work either individually or in a group. I chose to complete it in a group setting, which enabled collaborative idea generation, shared responsibilities, and a more comprehensive approach to planning the investigation.

Project Justification:

This project aligns with the course objective of developing investigative skills through evidence based reporting on complex social issues. It applies core principles such as source mapping, ethical consideration, and verification while addressing a sensitive topic. By focusing on child begging and potential exploitation networks, the project contributes to public awareness and accountability. It also strengthens the role of journalism in advocating for vulnerable populations and encouraging policy level discussions and intervention.

---

Course: MSJ 4151 Investigative Journalism I

In Depth Report

Child Begging in Bangladesh

Summer 2025

Submitted To Mahmudun Nabi Senior Lecturer, Media Studies & Journalism Department University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh (ULAB)

Submitted by Fahteen Hossain (201012076) Md. Likhon (191012041)

Introduction

The scope should clearly articulate the goals and objectives of the investigation. These objectives could include uncovering the root cause of a problem, identifying responsible parties, gathering evidence for legal proceedings and corrective actions. Investigating the prevalence of child begging in Dhaka, including the number of children involved, their demographics, and the areas where begging is most prevalent. Exploring the root causes of child begging, such as poverty, family circumstances, lack of access to education, and systemic issues like exploitation by criminal gangs. When we research this we find out someone already knows about it

---

Then we started Identifying potential solutions and policy recommendations to address the root causes of child begging, protect vulnerable children, and combat exploitation by criminal gangs. This may include measures to improve access to education, social welfare programs, law enforcement efforts, and collaboration between stakeholders. The scope of the investigation should be comprehensive enough to provide a holistic understanding of the issue while also being manageable within the resources and timeframe available for the investigation. It should prioritize the voices and experiences of the affected children and communities, aiming to bring about meaningful change and accountability. Various estimates suggest that there are approximately 700,000 beggars in Bangladesh, of which 40,000 reside in the capital city. A survey conducted by Bangladesh Centre for Human Rights and Development (BCHRD) revealed that 16.5% of beggars in Dhaka City are below 12 years of age. Hypothesis question - Are there any organized gangs controlling beggar children?

In Dhaka, the heartbreaking sight of child beggars is all too common. However, beneath the surface of this seemingly desperate situation may lie organized exploitation by criminal gangs. The well-being of these vulnerable children is at stake, and uncovering the truth behind their exploitation is crucial for holding perpetrators accountable and ensuring the safety of these children. The actors involved include the child beggars themselves, potentially coerced or manipulated by criminal gangs, as well as the perpetrators within these gangs. These gangs may operate through various methods such as coercion, trafficking, or manipulation, exploiting the innocence and vulnerability of children for financial gain. The consequences of this exploitation are devastating, leading to physical and psychological harm for the children involved, perpetuating cycles of poverty, and contributing to the breakdown of societal values. The news is the potential existence of organized gangs exploiting child beggars in Dhaka. This story sheds light on a dark and hidden aspect of society, revealing the exploitation of the most vulnerable members of the community for financial gain. It exposes the failure of systems meant to protect these children and calls for urgent action to address this issue. Publishing this story will benefit society by raising awareness of the exploitation faced by child beggars in Dhaka and prompting action to address this issue. It will hold perpetrators accountable, protect vulnerable children, and stimulate discussion about societal values, behavior, and the effectiveness of existing systems in safeguarding the rights of children.

Identifying Sources & Source Mapping

1. Local NGOs: Organizations working directly with child beggars can provide insights into their experiences and potential exploitation by criminal gangs.
2. Law Enforcement Agencies: Police and other law enforcement bodies may have information on criminal activities and gangs involved in exploiting child beggars.
3. Victims and Witnesses: Interviews with former child beggars or individuals who have witnessed exploitation can provide valuable testimonies.

Methodology: Investigation method as " Hidden cameras to capture footage discreetly." Hidden cameras offer a non-intrusive means of surveillance, allowing us to observe subjects in their natural environment without alerting them to our presence. This covert methodology is particularly valuable in situations where overt surveillance may compromise the integrity of the investigation or jeopardize the safety of investigators.

The deployment of hidden cameras will be strategically planned and executed to maximize coverage and capture relevant footage. We will identify key locations and vantage points where cameras can be discreetly placed to observe subjects and activities of interest. Additionally, we will utilize advanced camera technology to ensure high-quality footage in various lighting conditions and environments. Apart from hidden cameras, overt surveillance can also be conducted using visible cameras or human observers. This approach can be effective in monitoring activities in real-time and capturing evidence of suspicious behavior.

1. Interviews and Interrogations: Conducting interviews with witnesses, suspects, and other relevant individuals can provide valuable information and insights into the investigation.
2. Document Review: Reviewing documents, records, emails, and other forms of written communication can uncover important details, patterns, and inconsistencies relevant to the investigation.
3. Data Analysis: Analyzing data from various sources, including financial records, transaction logs, and communication logs, can reveal patterns, trends, and anomalies that may be indicative of fraudulent or illegal activity.

Risks and Limitations We may encounter safety risks when investigating child begging, especially in urban areas where the practice is more prevalent. There's a possibility of facing from groups involved in organized begging networks, as they may seek to conceal their activities. Additionally, we may face challenges to personal safety and security, particularly in areas with high crime rates or social unrest. Consult with legal experts to understand the potential legal risks involved in the investigation and ensure compliance with local laws. Provide access to counseling and support services for team members who may be exposed to distressing situations during the investigation. Budget for this Investigation : The following is the budget for this investigation : Categories of Expenditure Description Amount Camera Equipment cost

Tripod, Lens, Hidden Camera, Microphone

(For rent) 50000 BDT Transportation Costs (Puran Dhaka- Dhanmondi- Mohammadpur- Mirpur) Rickshaw / CNG for 2 month 20000 BDT Food Costs (Field staff- 5) 300/ 5 person / 2 month 90000 BDT

Total -
160,000 BDT
Contingency
 10%
16,000 BDT

Total
176,000 BDT

Timeline Preparation Phase (2 week): During the Preparation Phase, which spans two weeks, the primary focus is on delineating the research's objectives, questions, and hypotheses with clarity. The aim is to establish a framework guiding subsequent investigations. Assembling a proficient research team is pivotal. Each member is allocated specific roles and responsibilities, ensuring seamless coordination and efficient progress. Fieldwork (1 month): Transitioning into the Fieldwork phase, lasting one month, the team zeroes in on areas across Bangladesh known for prevalent child begging and potential controlling groups' presence. Intensive observation becomes the cornerstone of this phase, allowing researchers to immerse themselves in the dynamics of child begging activities and associated interactions. This hands-on approach furnishes invaluable insights into the nuanced complexities surrounding the issue. Data Collection (2 week ): Following the Fieldwork phase, a two-week stint is dedicated to Data Collection. Here, the team conducts a multifaceted approach, including interviews with child beggars, their families, and pertinent stakeholders. Additionally, a meticulous review of assorted documents such as media reports, government records, and NGO reports enriches the dataset, providing diverse perspectives and contextual understanding. Throughout these phases, meticulous attention is paid to ethical considerations, ensuring the dignity and confidentiality of all involved parties. Furthermore, methodological rigor underpins every facet of the research process, safeguarding the validity and reliability of findings. Effective communication and collaboration within the research team foster synergy, enabling iterative refinement of methodologies and data interpretation strategies. For this investigation we need two months.

---

Learnings:

• Understanding investigative reporting structure
• Developing source mapping and verification skills
• Handling sensitive topics with ethical responsibility
• Improving voice recording and news presentation skills
• Recognizing risks and limitations in field investigations
• Strengthening critical thinking and hypothesis framing
• Learning the importance of accuracy and accountability

---